Culture plays a major role in guiding people in their diet and exercise habits, which in turn affects their health. These norms reflect historical, traditional and cultural practices and norms of society thus determining what is culturally appropriate or preferred in terms of food consumption or physical activity. As such, it is evident that an individual’s cultural environment defines not only what food they eat, but also how often and in what manner they exercise.
Eating habits are perhaps one of the most significant aspects of cultural heritage in most cultures and societies. For example, Mediterranean diets encourage the consumption of fruits, vegetables, nuts, healthy fats, and lean meats and have given rise to the world famous “Mediterranean diet”. [1] In the same way, Asian cultures observe certain measures with foods such as rice, vegetables, and fish being a common dietary staple. While in the western part of the world, fast food culture has developed due to the fast and busy lifestyle and so people tend to consume foods which are in processed form, high in fat, sugar, and salt content. This food culture which is rooted to these regions has continued to be a strong influence on the public health of people. Culture also plays a role in the exercise habits of individuals. For instance, in the Scandinavian countries, elements like hiking and skiing are well embraced, given this culture’s social regard for outdoor activities and bodily strength. Conversely, in other parts of the western world, exercise is more commercialized and people are willing to spend their money and time on gym memberships, exercise classes, and trainers. [2] On the other hand, exercise is not always incorporated as a way of life in cultures especially in Asia and the Middle East. This is primarily due to the influence of religious or cultural practices that frown upon aspects such as dressing or essentially discourage physical activity, particularly when it comes to women. [3] All in all, it is evident that cultural norms play a significant role in defining the dietary and exercise habits of specific communities. As highlighted above, these norms can either have a positive or negative influence on health behaviors. Therefore, it is important to consider the influence of these norms when formulating public health interventions and promoting healthier dietary habits and exercise patterns.
